METHODOLOGY

Block Diagram

A block diagram is shows an overview of a process of the system. By produce the block diagram, it will explain the process happens on the system. The block diagram for this Development of Integrated Crops Management System (DICM) system is shown below;

Figure 7: Block diagram for DICM system

Referring to the figure 7 above, the input of this DICM system is IR distance sensor. This IR sensor is used to detect the plants surrounding itself by through on the rod of iron by using DC gear motor. Once this IR sensor is detecting the plants, it will be send the data to the microprocessor which is ATmega 328 to process the data to stop the DC gear motor. The micro-controller will be received the data and process the data and automatically turn on the solenoid motor for a while to give the fertilizer on the plants. After for a while, the solenoid motor will turn of automatically and the DC gear motor will turn on and move to the other plants surrounding the rod of iron. This process will be repeated until this system arrived to the last stations. When there are obstacles in front of this DICM system which is detected by IR sensor, this sensor will send the data to the microcontroller to process the data. When the microcontroller received the data, it will process the data and automatically stop the DC gear motor and the turn the buzzer to notify the farmer. It will be continuing the system if there are no obstacles in front of this system. 

Flow chart

Flow chart explanation

When the DICM system will start, the DC gear motor will turn on and will move on the rod of the iron. At the same time, the IR distance sensor will be turn on and will detect an object in front of this sensor which the plants. When this IR sensor will be detect the plant, the DC gear motor will stop or will turn off and at the same time, the solenoid motor will be turn on for the five seconds. During this time, the solenoid motor will give the fertilizer to the crops surrounding it for five seconds. After five seconds, the solenoid motor will be turn off and at the same time the DC gear motor will be turn on. When the DC gear motor will turn on, this system will repeated the same way until the IR sensor will detect the plants surrounding it. Besides that, when the IR sensor detect an obstacle in front of this machine, the DC gear motor will turn off automatically and at the same time the buzzer will activate to notify the user about the obstacle. When there are no obstacles in front of this machine, this machine will be turned on the DC gear motor and the system will be back to the normal. This system will provided an emergency stop which push button stop. When the push button stop is pressed, the DICM system will off automatically for a while and this system will repeat again at the beginning of the process.